Rifaximin is an antibiotic medication used in the treatment of various gastrointestinal conditions, particularly traveler’s diarrhea and hepatic encephalopathy. It belongs to the rifamycin class of antibiotics and works by inhibiting bacterial RNA synthesis, leading to the suppression of bacterial growth and replication.
Rifaximin is used in the treatment of traveler’s diarrhea caused by non-invasive strains of Escherichia coli.
It is also used for the reduction of recurrence of overt hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis.
Rifaximin inhibits bacterial RNA synthesis by binding to the beta subunit of bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, preventing the transcription of bacterial RNA. This mechanism of action is bactericidal against a broad spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
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